Contributions by the BioWeapons Prevention Project

• Jean Pascal Zanders and Kathryn Nixdorff (Edited by Gustav Lindstrom), ' Enforcing non-proliferation. The European Union and the 2006 BTWC Review Conference', Chaillot Paper nº 93 ( November 2006)

  This Chaillot Paper focuses on international efforts to prevent biological agents and toxins being developed and used as weapons. It considers the evolution of the BTWC, paying particul-ar attention to the outcomes of the past five review conferences. Its aim is to contribute to current European thinking in the light of the upcoming 6th BTWC Review Conference. Besides examining the evolution of international efforts to promote disarmament, the paper considers challenges to the convention, such as issues of verification and the impact of advances in the field of science and technology. Weaknesses and limitations in current policymaking are identified and analysed.

• The Prohibition of ‘Use’ under the BTWC: Backgrounder on relevant developments during the negotiations, 1969-1972

(As at the 4th Review Conference in 1996, Iran again expressed the view that the provisions against use of biological weapons (BW) in the 1925 Geneva Protocol are not strong enough. As a country attacked with chemical weapons by a State Party to the Geneva Protocol it wishes to amend the BTWC to ensure such provisions against BW use are strengthened. Other States Parties do not believe that amending the treaty would strengthen the legal situation. The abovedocument reviews relevant statements on the prohibition on BW use made during the negotiation of the BTWC between 1968 and 1971.)